Redis 哈希

Redis哈希简介

Redis 哈希是结构化为字段-值对集合的记录类型。你可以使用哈希来表示基本对象并存储计数器的分组，以及其他用途。

>_ Redis CLI

> HSET bike:1 model Deimos brand Ergonom type 'Enduro bikes' price 4972
(integer) 4
> HGET bike:1 model
"Deimos"
> HGET bike:1 price
"4972"
> HGETALL bike:1
1) "model"
2) "Deimos"
3) "brand"
4) "Ergonom"
5) "type"
6) "Enduro bikes"
7) "price"
8) "4972"

Python

"""
Code samples for Hash doc pages:
    https://redis.io/docs/latest/develop/data-types/hashes/
"""
import redis

r = redis.Redis(decode_responses=True)
res1 = r.hset(
    "bike:1",
    mapping={
        "model": "Deimos",
        "brand": "Ergonom",
        "type": "Enduro bikes",
        "price": 4972,
    },
)
print(res1)
# >>> 4

res2 = r.hget("bike:1", "model")
print(res2)
# >>> 'Deimos'

res3 = r.hget("bike:1", "price")
print(res3)
# >>> '4972'

res4 = r.hgetall("bike:1")
print(res4)
# >>> {'model': 'Deimos', 'brand': 'Ergonom', 'type': 'Enduro bikes', 'price': '4972'}



res5 = r.hmget("bike:1", ["model", "price"])
print(res5)
# >>> ['Deimos', '4972']


res6 = r.hincrby("bike:1", "price", 100)
print(res6)
# >>> 5072
res7 = r.hincrby("bike:1", "price", -100)
print(res7)
# >>> 4972



res11 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res11)
# >>> 1
res12 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res12)
# >>> 2
res13 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res13)
# >>> 3
res14 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1)
print(res14)
# >>> 1
res15 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "owners", 1)
print(res15)
# >>> 1
res16 = r.hget("bike:1:stats", "rides")
print(res16)
# >>> 3
res17 = r.hmget("bike:1:stats", ["crashes", "owners"])
print(res17)
# >>> ['1', '1']

Node.js

import assert from 'assert';
import { createClient } from 'redis';

const client = createClient();
await client.connect();
const res1 = await client.hSet(
  'bike:1',
  {
    'model': 'Deimos',
    'brand': 'Ergonom',
    'type': 'Enduro bikes',
    'price': 4972,
  }
)
console.log(res1) // 4

const res2 = await client.hGet('bike:1', 'model')
console.log(res2)  // 'Deimos'

const res3 = await client.hGet('bike:1', 'price')
console.log(res3)  // '4972'

const res4 = await client.hGetAll('bike:1')
console.log(res4)  
/*
{
  brand: 'Ergonom',
  model: 'Deimos',
  price: '4972',
  type: 'Enduro bikes'
}
*/


const res5 = await client.hmGet('bike:1', ['model', 'price'])
console.log(res5)  // ['Deimos', '4972']


const res6 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1', 'price', 100)
console.log(res6)  // 5072
const res7 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1', 'price', -100)
console.log(res7)  // 4972


const res11 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res11)  // 1
const res12 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res12)  // 2
const res13 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res13)  // 3
const res14 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'crashes', 1)
console.log(res14)  // 1
const res15 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'owners', 1)
console.log(res15)  // 1
const res16 = await client.hGet('bike:1:stats', 'rides')
console.log(res16)  // 3
const res17 = await client.hmGet('bike:1:stats', ['crashes', 'owners'])
console.log(res17)  // ['1', '1']

Java-Sync

package io.redis.examples;

import redis.clients.jedis.UnifiedJedis;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HashExample {
  public void run() {
    try (UnifiedJedis jedis = new UnifiedJedis("redis://localhost:6379")) {

      Map<String, String> bike1 = new HashMap<>();
      bike1.put("model", "Deimos");
      bike1.put("brand", "Ergonom");
      bike1.put("type", "Enduro bikes");
      bike1.put("price", "4972");

      Long res1 = jedis.hset("bike:1", bike1);
      System.out.println(res1); // 4

      String res2 = jedis.hget("bike:1", "model");
      System.out.println(res2); // Deimos

      String res3 = jedis.hget("bike:1", "price");
      System.out.println(res3); // 4972

      Map<String, String> res4 = jedis.hgetAll("bike:1");
      System.out.println(res4); // {type=Enduro bikes, brand=Ergonom, price=4972, model=Deimos}


      List<String> res5 = jedis.hmget("bike:1", "model", "price");
      System.out.println(res5); // [Deimos, 4972]


      Long res6 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1", "price", 100);
      System.out.println(res6); // 5072
      Long res7 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1", "price", -100);
      System.out.println(res7); // 4972


      Long res8 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res8); // 1
      Long res9 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res9); // 2
      Long res10 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res10); // 3
      Long res11 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1);
      System.out.println(res11); // 1
      Long res12 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "owners", 1);
      System.out.println(res12); // 1
      String res13 = jedis.hget("bike:1:stats", "rides");
      System.out.println(res13); // 3
      List<String> res14 = jedis.hmget("bike:1:stats", "crashes", "owners");
      System.out.println(res14); // [1, 1]

    }
  }
}

package example_commands_test

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
)


func ExampleClient_set_get_all() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	res1, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res1) // >>> 4

	res2, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1", "model").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res2) // >>> Deimos

	res3, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1", "price").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res3) // >>> 4972

	cmdReturn := rdb.HGetAll(ctx, "bike:1")
	res4, err := cmdReturn.Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res4)
	// >>> map[brand:Ergonom model:Deimos price:4972 type:Enduro bikes]

	type BikeInfo struct {
		Model string `redis:"model"`
		Brand string `redis:"brand"`
		Type  string `redis:"type"`
		Price int    `redis:"price"`
	}

	var res4a BikeInfo

	if err := cmdReturn.Scan(&res4a); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Model: %v, Brand: %v, Type: %v, Price: $%v\n",
		res4a.Model, res4a.Brand, res4a.Type, res4a.Price)
	// >>> Model: Deimos, Brand: Ergonom, Type: Enduro bikes, Price: $4972

}

func ExampleClient_hmget() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	_, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	cmdReturn := rdb.HMGet(ctx, "bike:1", "model", "price")
	res5, err := cmdReturn.Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res5) // >>> [Deimos 4972]

	type BikeInfo struct {
		Model string `redis:"model"`
		Brand string `redis:"-"`
		Type  string `redis:"-"`
		Price int    `redis:"price"`
	}

	var res5a BikeInfo

	if err := cmdReturn.Scan(&res5a); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Model: %v, Price: $%v\n", res5a.Model, res5a.Price)
	// >>> Model: Deimos, Price: $4972

}

func ExampleClient_hincrby() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	_, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	res6, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1", "price", 100).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res6) // >>> 5072

	res7, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1", "price", -100).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res7) // >>> 4972

}

func ExampleClient_incrby_get_mget() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	res8, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res8) // >>> 1

	res9, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res9) // >>> 2

	res10, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res10) // >>> 3

	res11, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res11) // >>> 1

	res12, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "owners", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res12) // >>> 1

	res13, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res13) // >>> 3

	res14, err := rdb.HMGet(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "crashes", "owners").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res14) // >>> [1 1]

}


using NRedisStack.Tests;
using StackExchange.Redis;

public class HashExample
{
    public void run()
    {
        var muxer = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect("localhost:6379");
        var db = muxer.GetDatabase();
        db.KeyDelete("bike:1");
        db.HashSet("bike:1", new HashEntry[]
        {
            new HashEntry("model", "Deimos"),
            new HashEntry("brand", "Ergonom"),
            new HashEntry("type", "Enduro bikes"),
            new HashEntry("price", 4972)
        });

        Console.WriteLine("Hash Created");
        // Hash Created

        var model = db.HashGet("bike:1", "model");
        Console.WriteLine($"Model: {model}");
        // Model: Deimos

        var price = db.HashGet("bike:1", "price");
        Console.WriteLine($"Price: {price}");
        // Price: 4972

        var bike = db.HashGetAll("bike:1");
        Console.WriteLine("bike:1");
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join("\n", bike.Select(b => $"{b.Name}: {b.Value}")));
        // Bike:1:
        // model: Deimos
        // brand: Ergonom
        // type: Enduro bikes
        // price: 4972


        var values = db.HashGet("bike:1", new RedisValue[] { "model", "price" });
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(" ", values));
        // Deimos 4972

        var newPrice = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "price", 100);
        Console.WriteLine($"New price: {newPrice}");
        // New price: 5072

        newPrice = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "price", -100);
        Console.WriteLine($"New price: {newPrice}");
        // New price: 4972

        var rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 1

        rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 2

        rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 3

        var crashes = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "crashes");
        Console.WriteLine($"Crashes: {crashes}");
        // Crashes: 1

        var owners = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "owners");
        Console.WriteLine($"Owners: {owners}");
        // Owners: 1

        var stats = db.HashGet("bike:1", new RedisValue[] { "crashes", "owners" });
        Console.WriteLine($"Bike stats: crashes={stats[0]}, owners={stats[1]}");
        // Bike stats: crashes=1, owners=1
    }
}

虽然哈希非常适合表示对象，但实际上你可以在哈希中放入的字段数量没有实际限制（除了可用内存），因此你可以在应用程序中以许多不同的方式使用哈希。

命令 HSET 设置哈希的多个字段，而 HGET 检索单个字段。HMGET 类似于 HGET，但返回一个值的数组：

>_ Redis CLI

> HMGET bike:1 model price no-such-field
1) "Deimos"
2) "4972"
3) (nil)

Python

"""
Code samples for Hash doc pages:
    https://redis.io/docs/latest/develop/data-types/hashes/
"""
import redis

r = redis.Redis(decode_responses=True)
res1 = r.hset(
    "bike:1",
    mapping={
        "model": "Deimos",
        "brand": "Ergonom",
        "type": "Enduro bikes",
        "price": 4972,
    },
)
print(res1)
# >>> 4

res2 = r.hget("bike:1", "model")
print(res2)
# >>> 'Deimos'

res3 = r.hget("bike:1", "price")
print(res3)
# >>> '4972'

res4 = r.hgetall("bike:1")
print(res4)
# >>> {'model': 'Deimos', 'brand': 'Ergonom', 'type': 'Enduro bikes', 'price': '4972'}



res5 = r.hmget("bike:1", ["model", "price"])
print(res5)
# >>> ['Deimos', '4972']


res6 = r.hincrby("bike:1", "price", 100)
print(res6)
# >>> 5072
res7 = r.hincrby("bike:1", "price", -100)
print(res7)
# >>> 4972



res11 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res11)
# >>> 1
res12 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res12)
# >>> 2
res13 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res13)
# >>> 3
res14 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1)
print(res14)
# >>> 1
res15 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "owners", 1)
print(res15)
# >>> 1
res16 = r.hget("bike:1:stats", "rides")
print(res16)
# >>> 3
res17 = r.hmget("bike:1:stats", ["crashes", "owners"])
print(res17)
# >>> ['1', '1']

Node.js

import assert from 'assert';
import { createClient } from 'redis';

const client = createClient();
await client.connect();
const res1 = await client.hSet(
  'bike:1',
  {
    'model': 'Deimos',
    'brand': 'Ergonom',
    'type': 'Enduro bikes',
    'price': 4972,
  }
)
console.log(res1) // 4

const res2 = await client.hGet('bike:1', 'model')
console.log(res2)  // 'Deimos'

const res3 = await client.hGet('bike:1', 'price')
console.log(res3)  // '4972'

const res4 = await client.hGetAll('bike:1')
console.log(res4)  
/*
{
  brand: 'Ergonom',
  model: 'Deimos',
  price: '4972',
  type: 'Enduro bikes'
}
*/


const res5 = await client.hmGet('bike:1', ['model', 'price'])
console.log(res5)  // ['Deimos', '4972']


const res6 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1', 'price', 100)
console.log(res6)  // 5072
const res7 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1', 'price', -100)
console.log(res7)  // 4972


const res11 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res11)  // 1
const res12 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res12)  // 2
const res13 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res13)  // 3
const res14 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'crashes', 1)
console.log(res14)  // 1
const res15 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'owners', 1)
console.log(res15)  // 1
const res16 = await client.hGet('bike:1:stats', 'rides')
console.log(res16)  // 3
const res17 = await client.hmGet('bike:1:stats', ['crashes', 'owners'])
console.log(res17)  // ['1', '1']

Java-Sync

package io.redis.examples;

import redis.clients.jedis.UnifiedJedis;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HashExample {
  public void run() {
    try (UnifiedJedis jedis = new UnifiedJedis("redis://localhost:6379")) {

      Map<String, String> bike1 = new HashMap<>();
      bike1.put("model", "Deimos");
      bike1.put("brand", "Ergonom");
      bike1.put("type", "Enduro bikes");
      bike1.put("price", "4972");

      Long res1 = jedis.hset("bike:1", bike1);
      System.out.println(res1); // 4

      String res2 = jedis.hget("bike:1", "model");
      System.out.println(res2); // Deimos

      String res3 = jedis.hget("bike:1", "price");
      System.out.println(res3); // 4972

      Map<String, String> res4 = jedis.hgetAll("bike:1");
      System.out.println(res4); // {type=Enduro bikes, brand=Ergonom, price=4972, model=Deimos}


      List<String> res5 = jedis.hmget("bike:1", "model", "price");
      System.out.println(res5); // [Deimos, 4972]


      Long res6 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1", "price", 100);
      System.out.println(res6); // 5072
      Long res7 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1", "price", -100);
      System.out.println(res7); // 4972


      Long res8 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res8); // 1
      Long res9 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res9); // 2
      Long res10 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res10); // 3
      Long res11 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1);
      System.out.println(res11); // 1
      Long res12 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "owners", 1);
      System.out.println(res12); // 1
      String res13 = jedis.hget("bike:1:stats", "rides");
      System.out.println(res13); // 3
      List<String> res14 = jedis.hmget("bike:1:stats", "crashes", "owners");
      System.out.println(res14); // [1, 1]

    }
  }
}

package example_commands_test

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
)


func ExampleClient_set_get_all() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	res1, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res1) // >>> 4

	res2, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1", "model").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res2) // >>> Deimos

	res3, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1", "price").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res3) // >>> 4972

	cmdReturn := rdb.HGetAll(ctx, "bike:1")
	res4, err := cmdReturn.Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res4)
	// >>> map[brand:Ergonom model:Deimos price:4972 type:Enduro bikes]

	type BikeInfo struct {
		Model string `redis:"model"`
		Brand string `redis:"brand"`
		Type  string `redis:"type"`
		Price int    `redis:"price"`
	}

	var res4a BikeInfo

	if err := cmdReturn.Scan(&res4a); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Model: %v, Brand: %v, Type: %v, Price: $%v\n",
		res4a.Model, res4a.Brand, res4a.Type, res4a.Price)
	// >>> Model: Deimos, Brand: Ergonom, Type: Enduro bikes, Price: $4972

}

func ExampleClient_hmget() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	_, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	cmdReturn := rdb.HMGet(ctx, "bike:1", "model", "price")
	res5, err := cmdReturn.Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res5) // >>> [Deimos 4972]

	type BikeInfo struct {
		Model string `redis:"model"`
		Brand string `redis:"-"`
		Type  string `redis:"-"`
		Price int    `redis:"price"`
	}

	var res5a BikeInfo

	if err := cmdReturn.Scan(&res5a); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Model: %v, Price: $%v\n", res5a.Model, res5a.Price)
	// >>> Model: Deimos, Price: $4972

}

func ExampleClient_hincrby() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	_, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	res6, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1", "price", 100).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res6) // >>> 5072

	res7, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1", "price", -100).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res7) // >>> 4972

}

func ExampleClient_incrby_get_mget() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	res8, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res8) // >>> 1

	res9, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res9) // >>> 2

	res10, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res10) // >>> 3

	res11, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res11) // >>> 1

	res12, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "owners", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res12) // >>> 1

	res13, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res13) // >>> 3

	res14, err := rdb.HMGet(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "crashes", "owners").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res14) // >>> [1 1]

}


using NRedisStack.Tests;
using StackExchange.Redis;

public class HashExample
{
    public void run()
    {
        var muxer = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect("localhost:6379");
        var db = muxer.GetDatabase();
        db.KeyDelete("bike:1");
        db.HashSet("bike:1", new HashEntry[]
        {
            new HashEntry("model", "Deimos"),
            new HashEntry("brand", "Ergonom"),
            new HashEntry("type", "Enduro bikes"),
            new HashEntry("price", 4972)
        });

        Console.WriteLine("Hash Created");
        // Hash Created

        var model = db.HashGet("bike:1", "model");
        Console.WriteLine($"Model: {model}");
        // Model: Deimos

        var price = db.HashGet("bike:1", "price");
        Console.WriteLine($"Price: {price}");
        // Price: 4972

        var bike = db.HashGetAll("bike:1");
        Console.WriteLine("bike:1");
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join("\n", bike.Select(b => $"{b.Name}: {b.Value}")));
        // Bike:1:
        // model: Deimos
        // brand: Ergonom
        // type: Enduro bikes
        // price: 4972


        var values = db.HashGet("bike:1", new RedisValue[] { "model", "price" });
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(" ", values));
        // Deimos 4972

        var newPrice = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "price", 100);
        Console.WriteLine($"New price: {newPrice}");
        // New price: 5072

        newPrice = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "price", -100);
        Console.WriteLine($"New price: {newPrice}");
        // New price: 4972

        var rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 1

        rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 2

        rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 3

        var crashes = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "crashes");
        Console.WriteLine($"Crashes: {crashes}");
        // Crashes: 1

        var owners = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "owners");
        Console.WriteLine($"Owners: {owners}");
        // Owners: 1

        var stats = db.HashGet("bike:1", new RedisValue[] { "crashes", "owners" });
        Console.WriteLine($"Bike stats: crashes={stats[0]}, owners={stats[1]}");
        // Bike stats: crashes=1, owners=1
    }
}

有一些命令能够对单个字段执行操作，比如 HINCRBY：

>_ Redis CLI

> HINCRBY bike:1 price 100
(integer) 5072
> HINCRBY bike:1 price -100
(integer) 4972

Python

"""
Code samples for Hash doc pages:
    https://redis.io/docs/latest/develop/data-types/hashes/
"""
import redis

r = redis.Redis(decode_responses=True)
res1 = r.hset(
    "bike:1",
    mapping={
        "model": "Deimos",
        "brand": "Ergonom",
        "type": "Enduro bikes",
        "price": 4972,
    },
)
print(res1)
# >>> 4

res2 = r.hget("bike:1", "model")
print(res2)
# >>> 'Deimos'

res3 = r.hget("bike:1", "price")
print(res3)
# >>> '4972'

res4 = r.hgetall("bike:1")
print(res4)
# >>> {'model': 'Deimos', 'brand': 'Ergonom', 'type': 'Enduro bikes', 'price': '4972'}



res5 = r.hmget("bike:1", ["model", "price"])
print(res5)
# >>> ['Deimos', '4972']


res6 = r.hincrby("bike:1", "price", 100)
print(res6)
# >>> 5072
res7 = r.hincrby("bike:1", "price", -100)
print(res7)
# >>> 4972



res11 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res11)
# >>> 1
res12 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res12)
# >>> 2
res13 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res13)
# >>> 3
res14 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1)
print(res14)
# >>> 1
res15 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "owners", 1)
print(res15)
# >>> 1
res16 = r.hget("bike:1:stats", "rides")
print(res16)
# >>> 3
res17 = r.hmget("bike:1:stats", ["crashes", "owners"])
print(res17)
# >>> ['1', '1']

Node.js

import assert from 'assert';
import { createClient } from 'redis';

const client = createClient();
await client.connect();
const res1 = await client.hSet(
  'bike:1',
  {
    'model': 'Deimos',
    'brand': 'Ergonom',
    'type': 'Enduro bikes',
    'price': 4972,
  }
)
console.log(res1) // 4

const res2 = await client.hGet('bike:1', 'model')
console.log(res2)  // 'Deimos'

const res3 = await client.hGet('bike:1', 'price')
console.log(res3)  // '4972'

const res4 = await client.hGetAll('bike:1')
console.log(res4)  
/*
{
  brand: 'Ergonom',
  model: 'Deimos',
  price: '4972',
  type: 'Enduro bikes'
}
*/


const res5 = await client.hmGet('bike:1', ['model', 'price'])
console.log(res5)  // ['Deimos', '4972']


const res6 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1', 'price', 100)
console.log(res6)  // 5072
const res7 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1', 'price', -100)
console.log(res7)  // 4972


const res11 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res11)  // 1
const res12 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res12)  // 2
const res13 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res13)  // 3
const res14 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'crashes', 1)
console.log(res14)  // 1
const res15 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'owners', 1)
console.log(res15)  // 1
const res16 = await client.hGet('bike:1:stats', 'rides')
console.log(res16)  // 3
const res17 = await client.hmGet('bike:1:stats', ['crashes', 'owners'])
console.log(res17)  // ['1', '1']

Java-Sync

package io.redis.examples;

import redis.clients.jedis.UnifiedJedis;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HashExample {
  public void run() {
    try (UnifiedJedis jedis = new UnifiedJedis("redis://localhost:6379")) {

      Map<String, String> bike1 = new HashMap<>();
      bike1.put("model", "Deimos");
      bike1.put("brand", "Ergonom");
      bike1.put("type", "Enduro bikes");
      bike1.put("price", "4972");

      Long res1 = jedis.hset("bike:1", bike1);
      System.out.println(res1); // 4

      String res2 = jedis.hget("bike:1", "model");
      System.out.println(res2); // Deimos

      String res3 = jedis.hget("bike:1", "price");
      System.out.println(res3); // 4972

      Map<String, String> res4 = jedis.hgetAll("bike:1");
      System.out.println(res4); // {type=Enduro bikes, brand=Ergonom, price=4972, model=Deimos}


      List<String> res5 = jedis.hmget("bike:1", "model", "price");
      System.out.println(res5); // [Deimos, 4972]


      Long res6 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1", "price", 100);
      System.out.println(res6); // 5072
      Long res7 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1", "price", -100);
      System.out.println(res7); // 4972


      Long res8 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res8); // 1
      Long res9 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res9); // 2
      Long res10 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res10); // 3
      Long res11 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1);
      System.out.println(res11); // 1
      Long res12 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "owners", 1);
      System.out.println(res12); // 1
      String res13 = jedis.hget("bike:1:stats", "rides");
      System.out.println(res13); // 3
      List<String> res14 = jedis.hmget("bike:1:stats", "crashes", "owners");
      System.out.println(res14); // [1, 1]

    }
  }
}

package example_commands_test

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
)


func ExampleClient_set_get_all() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	res1, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res1) // >>> 4

	res2, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1", "model").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res2) // >>> Deimos

	res3, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1", "price").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res3) // >>> 4972

	cmdReturn := rdb.HGetAll(ctx, "bike:1")
	res4, err := cmdReturn.Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res4)
	// >>> map[brand:Ergonom model:Deimos price:4972 type:Enduro bikes]

	type BikeInfo struct {
		Model string `redis:"model"`
		Brand string `redis:"brand"`
		Type  string `redis:"type"`
		Price int    `redis:"price"`
	}

	var res4a BikeInfo

	if err := cmdReturn.Scan(&res4a); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Model: %v, Brand: %v, Type: %v, Price: $%v\n",
		res4a.Model, res4a.Brand, res4a.Type, res4a.Price)
	// >>> Model: Deimos, Brand: Ergonom, Type: Enduro bikes, Price: $4972

}

func ExampleClient_hmget() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	_, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	cmdReturn := rdb.HMGet(ctx, "bike:1", "model", "price")
	res5, err := cmdReturn.Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res5) // >>> [Deimos 4972]

	type BikeInfo struct {
		Model string `redis:"model"`
		Brand string `redis:"-"`
		Type  string `redis:"-"`
		Price int    `redis:"price"`
	}

	var res5a BikeInfo

	if err := cmdReturn.Scan(&res5a); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Model: %v, Price: $%v\n", res5a.Model, res5a.Price)
	// >>> Model: Deimos, Price: $4972

}

func ExampleClient_hincrby() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	_, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	res6, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1", "price", 100).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res6) // >>> 5072

	res7, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1", "price", -100).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res7) // >>> 4972

}

func ExampleClient_incrby_get_mget() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	res8, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res8) // >>> 1

	res9, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res9) // >>> 2

	res10, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res10) // >>> 3

	res11, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res11) // >>> 1

	res12, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "owners", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res12) // >>> 1

	res13, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res13) // >>> 3

	res14, err := rdb.HMGet(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "crashes", "owners").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res14) // >>> [1 1]

}


using NRedisStack.Tests;
using StackExchange.Redis;

public class HashExample
{
    public void run()
    {
        var muxer = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect("localhost:6379");
        var db = muxer.GetDatabase();
        db.KeyDelete("bike:1");
        db.HashSet("bike:1", new HashEntry[]
        {
            new HashEntry("model", "Deimos"),
            new HashEntry("brand", "Ergonom"),
            new HashEntry("type", "Enduro bikes"),
            new HashEntry("price", 4972)
        });

        Console.WriteLine("Hash Created");
        // Hash Created

        var model = db.HashGet("bike:1", "model");
        Console.WriteLine($"Model: {model}");
        // Model: Deimos

        var price = db.HashGet("bike:1", "price");
        Console.WriteLine($"Price: {price}");
        // Price: 4972

        var bike = db.HashGetAll("bike:1");
        Console.WriteLine("bike:1");
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join("\n", bike.Select(b => $"{b.Name}: {b.Value}")));
        // Bike:1:
        // model: Deimos
        // brand: Ergonom
        // type: Enduro bikes
        // price: 4972


        var values = db.HashGet("bike:1", new RedisValue[] { "model", "price" });
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(" ", values));
        // Deimos 4972

        var newPrice = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "price", 100);
        Console.WriteLine($"New price: {newPrice}");
        // New price: 5072

        newPrice = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "price", -100);
        Console.WriteLine($"New price: {newPrice}");
        // New price: 4972

        var rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 1

        rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 2

        rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 3

        var crashes = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "crashes");
        Console.WriteLine($"Crashes: {crashes}");
        // Crashes: 1

        var owners = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "owners");
        Console.WriteLine($"Owners: {owners}");
        // Owners: 1

        var stats = db.HashGet("bike:1", new RedisValue[] { "crashes", "owners" });
        Console.WriteLine($"Bike stats: crashes={stats[0]}, owners={stats[1]}");
        // Bike stats: crashes=1, owners=1
    }
}

你可以在文档中找到哈希命令的完整列表。

值得注意的是，小的哈希（即具有小值的少量元素）在内存中以特殊方式编码，这使得它们在内存使用上非常高效。

基本命令

HSET: 设置哈希中一个或多个字段的值。
HGET: 返回给定字段的值。
HMGET: 返回一个或多个给定字段的值。
HINCRBY: 将给定字段的值增加提供的整数。

查看完整的哈希命令列表。

示例

Store counters for the number of times bike:1 has been ridden, has crashed, or has changed owners:

>_ Redis CLI

> HINCRBY bike:1:stats rides 1
(integer) 1
> HINCRBY bike:1:stats rides 1
(integer) 2
> HINCRBY bike:1:stats rides 1
(integer) 3
> HINCRBY bike:1:stats crashes 1
(integer) 1
> HINCRBY bike:1:stats owners 1
(integer) 1
> HGET bike:1:stats rides
"3"
> HMGET bike:1:stats owners crashes
1) "1"
2) "1"

Python

"""
Code samples for Hash doc pages:
    https://redis.io/docs/latest/develop/data-types/hashes/
"""
import redis

r = redis.Redis(decode_responses=True)
res1 = r.hset(
    "bike:1",
    mapping={
        "model": "Deimos",
        "brand": "Ergonom",
        "type": "Enduro bikes",
        "price": 4972,
    },
)
print(res1)
# >>> 4

res2 = r.hget("bike:1", "model")
print(res2)
# >>> 'Deimos'

res3 = r.hget("bike:1", "price")
print(res3)
# >>> '4972'

res4 = r.hgetall("bike:1")
print(res4)
# >>> {'model': 'Deimos', 'brand': 'Ergonom', 'type': 'Enduro bikes', 'price': '4972'}



res5 = r.hmget("bike:1", ["model", "price"])
print(res5)
# >>> ['Deimos', '4972']


res6 = r.hincrby("bike:1", "price", 100)
print(res6)
# >>> 5072
res7 = r.hincrby("bike:1", "price", -100)
print(res7)
# >>> 4972



res11 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res11)
# >>> 1
res12 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res12)
# >>> 2
res13 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1)
print(res13)
# >>> 3
res14 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1)
print(res14)
# >>> 1
res15 = r.hincrby("bike:1:stats", "owners", 1)
print(res15)
# >>> 1
res16 = r.hget("bike:1:stats", "rides")
print(res16)
# >>> 3
res17 = r.hmget("bike:1:stats", ["crashes", "owners"])
print(res17)
# >>> ['1', '1']

Node.js

import assert from 'assert';
import { createClient } from 'redis';

const client = createClient();
await client.connect();
const res1 = await client.hSet(
  'bike:1',
  {
    'model': 'Deimos',
    'brand': 'Ergonom',
    'type': 'Enduro bikes',
    'price': 4972,
  }
)
console.log(res1) // 4

const res2 = await client.hGet('bike:1', 'model')
console.log(res2)  // 'Deimos'

const res3 = await client.hGet('bike:1', 'price')
console.log(res3)  // '4972'

const res4 = await client.hGetAll('bike:1')
console.log(res4)  
/*
{
  brand: 'Ergonom',
  model: 'Deimos',
  price: '4972',
  type: 'Enduro bikes'
}
*/


const res5 = await client.hmGet('bike:1', ['model', 'price'])
console.log(res5)  // ['Deimos', '4972']


const res6 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1', 'price', 100)
console.log(res6)  // 5072
const res7 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1', 'price', -100)
console.log(res7)  // 4972


const res11 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res11)  // 1
const res12 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res12)  // 2
const res13 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'rides', 1)
console.log(res13)  // 3
const res14 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'crashes', 1)
console.log(res14)  // 1
const res15 = await client.hIncrBy('bike:1:stats', 'owners', 1)
console.log(res15)  // 1
const res16 = await client.hGet('bike:1:stats', 'rides')
console.log(res16)  // 3
const res17 = await client.hmGet('bike:1:stats', ['crashes', 'owners'])
console.log(res17)  // ['1', '1']

Java-Sync

package io.redis.examples;

import redis.clients.jedis.UnifiedJedis;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HashExample {
  public void run() {
    try (UnifiedJedis jedis = new UnifiedJedis("redis://localhost:6379")) {

      Map<String, String> bike1 = new HashMap<>();
      bike1.put("model", "Deimos");
      bike1.put("brand", "Ergonom");
      bike1.put("type", "Enduro bikes");
      bike1.put("price", "4972");

      Long res1 = jedis.hset("bike:1", bike1);
      System.out.println(res1); // 4

      String res2 = jedis.hget("bike:1", "model");
      System.out.println(res2); // Deimos

      String res3 = jedis.hget("bike:1", "price");
      System.out.println(res3); // 4972

      Map<String, String> res4 = jedis.hgetAll("bike:1");
      System.out.println(res4); // {type=Enduro bikes, brand=Ergonom, price=4972, model=Deimos}


      List<String> res5 = jedis.hmget("bike:1", "model", "price");
      System.out.println(res5); // [Deimos, 4972]


      Long res6 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1", "price", 100);
      System.out.println(res6); // 5072
      Long res7 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1", "price", -100);
      System.out.println(res7); // 4972


      Long res8 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res8); // 1
      Long res9 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res9); // 2
      Long res10 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "rides", 1);
      System.out.println(res10); // 3
      Long res11 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1);
      System.out.println(res11); // 1
      Long res12 = jedis.hincrBy("bike:1:stats", "owners", 1);
      System.out.println(res12); // 1
      String res13 = jedis.hget("bike:1:stats", "rides");
      System.out.println(res13); // 3
      List<String> res14 = jedis.hmget("bike:1:stats", "crashes", "owners");
      System.out.println(res14); // [1, 1]

    }
  }
}

package example_commands_test

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
)


func ExampleClient_set_get_all() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	res1, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res1) // >>> 4

	res2, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1", "model").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res2) // >>> Deimos

	res3, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1", "price").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res3) // >>> 4972

	cmdReturn := rdb.HGetAll(ctx, "bike:1")
	res4, err := cmdReturn.Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res4)
	// >>> map[brand:Ergonom model:Deimos price:4972 type:Enduro bikes]

	type BikeInfo struct {
		Model string `redis:"model"`
		Brand string `redis:"brand"`
		Type  string `redis:"type"`
		Price int    `redis:"price"`
	}

	var res4a BikeInfo

	if err := cmdReturn.Scan(&res4a); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Model: %v, Brand: %v, Type: %v, Price: $%v\n",
		res4a.Model, res4a.Brand, res4a.Type, res4a.Price)
	// >>> Model: Deimos, Brand: Ergonom, Type: Enduro bikes, Price: $4972

}

func ExampleClient_hmget() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	_, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	cmdReturn := rdb.HMGet(ctx, "bike:1", "model", "price")
	res5, err := cmdReturn.Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res5) // >>> [Deimos 4972]

	type BikeInfo struct {
		Model string `redis:"model"`
		Brand string `redis:"-"`
		Type  string `redis:"-"`
		Price int    `redis:"price"`
	}

	var res5a BikeInfo

	if err := cmdReturn.Scan(&res5a); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Model: %v, Price: $%v\n", res5a.Model, res5a.Price)
	// >>> Model: Deimos, Price: $4972

}

func ExampleClient_hincrby() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	hashFields := []string{
		"model", "Deimos",
		"brand", "Ergonom",
		"type", "Enduro bikes",
		"price", "4972",
	}

	_, err := rdb.HSet(ctx, "bike:1", hashFields).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	res6, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1", "price", 100).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res6) // >>> 5072

	res7, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1", "price", -100).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res7) // >>> 4972

}

func ExampleClient_incrby_get_mget() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "", // no password docs
		DB:       0,  // use default DB
	})


	res8, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res8) // >>> 1

	res9, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res9) // >>> 2

	res10, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res10) // >>> 3

	res11, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "crashes", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res11) // >>> 1

	res12, err := rdb.HIncrBy(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "owners", 1).Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res12) // >>> 1

	res13, err := rdb.HGet(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "rides").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res13) // >>> 3

	res14, err := rdb.HMGet(ctx, "bike:1:stats", "crashes", "owners").Result()

	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	fmt.Println(res14) // >>> [1 1]

}


using NRedisStack.Tests;
using StackExchange.Redis;

public class HashExample
{
    public void run()
    {
        var muxer = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect("localhost:6379");
        var db = muxer.GetDatabase();
        db.KeyDelete("bike:1");
        db.HashSet("bike:1", new HashEntry[]
        {
            new HashEntry("model", "Deimos"),
            new HashEntry("brand", "Ergonom"),
            new HashEntry("type", "Enduro bikes"),
            new HashEntry("price", 4972)
        });

        Console.WriteLine("Hash Created");
        // Hash Created

        var model = db.HashGet("bike:1", "model");
        Console.WriteLine($"Model: {model}");
        // Model: Deimos

        var price = db.HashGet("bike:1", "price");
        Console.WriteLine($"Price: {price}");
        // Price: 4972

        var bike = db.HashGetAll("bike:1");
        Console.WriteLine("bike:1");
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join("\n", bike.Select(b => $"{b.Name}: {b.Value}")));
        // Bike:1:
        // model: Deimos
        // brand: Ergonom
        // type: Enduro bikes
        // price: 4972


        var values = db.HashGet("bike:1", new RedisValue[] { "model", "price" });
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(" ", values));
        // Deimos 4972

        var newPrice = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "price", 100);
        Console.WriteLine($"New price: {newPrice}");
        // New price: 5072

        newPrice = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "price", -100);
        Console.WriteLine($"New price: {newPrice}");
        // New price: 4972

        var rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 1

        rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 2

        rides = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "rides");
        Console.WriteLine($"Rides: {rides}");
        // Rides: 3

        var crashes = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "crashes");
        Console.WriteLine($"Crashes: {crashes}");
        // Crashes: 1

        var owners = db.HashIncrement("bike:1", "owners");
        Console.WriteLine($"Owners: {owners}");
        // Owners: 1

        var stats = db.HashGet("bike:1", new RedisValue[] { "crashes", "owners" });
        Console.WriteLine($"Bike stats: crashes={stats[0]}, owners={stats[1]}");
        // Bike stats: crashes=1, owners=1
    }
}

字段过期

Redis 社区版 7.4 新增了为单个哈希字段指定过期时间或生存时间（TTL）值的能力。此功能与键过期类似，并包含一些类似的命令。

使用以下命令为特定字段设置确切的过期时间或TTL值：

HEXPIRE: 设置剩余的TTL（以秒为单位）。
HPEXPIRE: 设置剩余的TTL（以毫秒为单位）。
HEXPIREAT: 将过期时间设置为以秒为单位的时间戳¹。
HPEXPIREAT: 将过期时间设置为以毫秒为单位的时间戳。

使用以下命令来检索特定字段将过期时的确切时间或剩余的TTL：

HEXPIRETIME: 获取以秒为单位的时间戳表示的过期时间。
HPEXPIRETIME: 获取以毫秒为单位的时间戳表示的过期时间。
HTTL: 获取剩余的TTL（以秒为单位）。
HPTTL: 获取剩余的TTL（以毫秒为单位）。

使用以下命令移除特定字段的过期时间：

HPERSIST: 移除过期时间。

常见字段过期用例

事件跟踪：使用哈希键存储过去一小时的事件。将每个事件的TTL设置为一小时。使用HLEN来统计过去一小时的事件数量。
欺诈检测：创建一个带有每小时事件计数器的哈希。将每个字段的TTL设置为48小时。查询哈希以获取过去48小时内每小时的事件数量。
客户会话管理：将客户数据存储在哈希键中。为每个会话创建一个新的哈希键，并在客户的哈希键中添加一个会话字段。当会话过期时，自动使会话键和客户哈希键中的会话字段过期。
活跃会话跟踪：将所有活跃会话存储在哈希键中。设置每个会话的TTL以在无活动后自动过期。使用HLEN来计数活跃会话。

字段过期示例

官方客户端库尚不支持哈希字段过期功能，但您现在可以使用Python (redis-py)和Java (Jedis)客户端库的测试版来测试哈希字段过期。

以下是一些Python示例，展示了如何使用字段过期。

考虑一个用于存储传感器数据的哈希数据集，其结构如下：

event = {
    'air_quality': 256,
    'battery_level':89
}

r.hset('sensor:sensor1', mapping=event)

在下面的示例中，您可能需要在sensor:sensor1键的字段过期后刷新它。

设置并检索哈希中多个字段的TTL：

# set the TTL for two hash fields to 60 seconds
r.hexpire('sensor:sensor1', 60, 'air_quality', 'battery_level')
ttl = r.httl('sensor:sensor1', 'air_quality', 'battery_level')
print(ttl)
# prints [60, 60]

设置并获取哈希字段的TTL（以毫秒为单位）：

# set the TTL of the 'air_quality' field in milliseconds
r.hpexpire('sensor:sensor1', 60000, 'air_quality')
# and retrieve it
pttl = r.hpttl('sensor:sensor1', 'air_quality')
print(pttl)
# prints [59994] # your actual value may vary

设置并获取哈希字段的过期时间戳：

# set the expiration of 'air_quality' to now + 24 hours
# (similar to setting the TTL to 24 hours)
r.hexpireat('sensor:sensor1', 
    datetime.now() + timedelta(hours=24), 
    'air_quality')
# and retrieve it
expire_time = r.hexpiretime('sensor:sensor1', 'air_quality')
print(expire_time)
# prints [1717668041] # your actual value may vary

性能

大多数Redis哈希命令的时间复杂度为O(1)。

一些命令，如HKEYS、HVALS、HGETALL，以及大多数与过期相关的命令，都是O(n)的，其中n是字段-值对的数量。

限制

每个哈希可以存储多达4,294,967,295（2^32 - 1）个字段-值对。实际上，您的哈希仅受托管Redis部署的虚拟机上的总内存限制。

了解更多

Redis Hashes Explained 是一个简短而全面的视频讲解，涵盖了Redis哈希。
Redis University's RU101 详细介绍了 Redis 哈希。

所有时间戳均以自Unix纪元以来的秒或毫秒为单位指定。↩︎

Redis 哈希

基本命令

示例

字段过期

常见字段过期用例

字段过期示例

性能

限制

了解更多

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