优化Qdrant性能：三种场景

不同的使用场景需要在内存使用、搜索速度和精度之间找到不同的平衡。Qdrant 被设计为灵活且可定制，因此您可以根据自己的具体需求进行调整。

本指南将引导您了解三种主要的优化策略：

高速搜索与低内存使用
高精度与低内存使用
高精度与高速搜索

qdrant resource tradeoffs

1. 低内存使用的高速搜索

为了实现高搜索速度并最小化内存使用，您可以将向量存储在磁盘上，同时尽量减少磁盘读取次数。向量量化是一种压缩向量的技术，允许更多的向量存储在内存中，从而减少从磁盘读取的需求。

要配置内存中的量化，同时保留磁盘上的原始向量，您需要使用以下参数创建一个集合：

on_disk: 将原始向量存储在磁盘上。
quantization_config: 使用scalar方法将量化向量压缩为int8。
always_ram: 将量化向量保留在RAM中。

PUT /collections/{collection_name}
{
    "vectors": {
        "size": 768,
        "distance": "Cosine",
        "on_disk": true
    },
    "quantization_config": {
        "scalar": {
            "type": "int8",
            "always_ram": true
        }
    }
}

from qdrant_client import QdrantClient, models

client = QdrantClient(url="http://localhost:6333")

client.create_collection(
    collection_name="{collection_name}",
    vectors_config=models.VectorParams(size=768, distance=models.Distance.COSINE, on_disk=True),
    quantization_config=models.ScalarQuantization(
        scalar=models.ScalarQuantizationConfig(
            type=models.ScalarType.INT8,
            always_ram=True,
        ),
    ),
)

import { QdrantClient } from "@qdrant/js-client-rest";

const client = new QdrantClient({ host: "localhost", port: 6333 });

client.createCollection("{collection_name}", {
  vectors: {
    size: 768,
    distance: "Cosine",
    on_disk: true,
  },
  quantization_config: {
    scalar: {
      type: "int8",
      always_ram: true,
    },
  },
});

use qdrant_client::qdrant::{
    CreateCollectionBuilder, Distance, QuantizationType, ScalarQuantizationBuilder,
    VectorParamsBuilder,
};
use qdrant_client::Qdrant;

let client = Qdrant::from_url("http://localhost:6334").build()?;

client
    .create_collection(
        CreateCollectionBuilder::new("{collection_name}")
            .vectors_config(VectorParamsBuilder::new(768, Distance::Cosine))
            .quantization_config(
                ScalarQuantizationBuilder::default()
                    .r#type(QuantizationType::Int8.into())
                    .always_ram(true),
            ),
    )
    .await?;

import io.qdrant.client.QdrantClient;
import io.qdrant.client.QdrantGrpcClient;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.CreateCollection;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.Distance;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.OptimizersConfigDiff;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.QuantizationConfig;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.QuantizationType;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.ScalarQuantization;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorParams;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorsConfig;

QdrantClient client =
    new QdrantClient(QdrantGrpcClient.newBuilder("localhost", 6334, false).build());

client
    .createCollectionAsync(
        CreateCollection.newBuilder()
            .setCollectionName("{collection_name}")
            .setVectorsConfig(
                VectorsConfig.newBuilder()
                    .setParams(
                        VectorParams.newBuilder()
                            .setSize(768)
                            .setDistance(Distance.Cosine)
                            .setOnDisk(true)
                            .build())
                    .build())
            .setQuantizationConfig(
                QuantizationConfig.newBuilder()
                    .setScalar(
                        ScalarQuantization.newBuilder()
                            .setType(QuantizationType.Int8)
                            .setAlwaysRam(true)
                            .build())
                    .build())
            .build())
    .get();

using Qdrant.Client;
using Qdrant.Client.Grpc;

var client = new QdrantClient("localhost", 6334);

await client.CreateCollectionAsync(
	collectionName: "{collection_name}",
	vectorsConfig: new VectorParams { Size = 768, Distance = Distance.Cosine, OnDisk = true },
	quantizationConfig: new QuantizationConfig
	{
		Scalar = new ScalarQuantization { Type = QuantizationType.Int8, AlwaysRam = true }
	}
);

import (
	"context"

	"github.com/qdrant/go-client/qdrant"
)

client, err := qdrant.NewClient(&qdrant.Config{
	Host: "localhost",
	Port: 6334,
})

client.CreateCollection(context.Background(), &qdrant.CreateCollection{
	CollectionName: "{collection_name}",
	VectorsConfig: qdrant.NewVectorsConfig(&qdrant.VectorParams{
		Size:     768,
		Distance: qdrant.Distance_Cosine,
		OnDisk:   qdrant.PtrOf(true),
	}),
	QuantizationConfig: qdrant.NewQuantizationScalar(&qdrant.ScalarQuantization{
		Type:      qdrant.QuantizationType_Int8,
		AlwaysRam: qdrant.PtrOf(true),
	}),
})

禁用重新评分以加快搜索速度（可选）

这是完全可选的。通过搜索params禁用重新评分可以进一步减少磁盘读取次数。请注意，这可能会略微降低精度。

POST /collections/{collection_name}/points/query
{
    "query": [0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7],
    "params": {
        "quantization": {
            "rescore": false
        }
    },
    "limit": 10
}

from qdrant_client import QdrantClient, models

client = QdrantClient(url="http://localhost:6333")

client.query_points(
    collection_name="{collection_name}",
    query=[0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7],
    search_params=models.SearchParams(
        quantization=models.QuantizationSearchParams(rescore=False)
    ),
)

import { QdrantClient } from "@qdrant/js-client-rest";

const client = new QdrantClient({ host: "localhost", port: 6333 });

client.query("{collection_name}", {
    query: [0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7],
    params: {
        quantization: {
            rescore: false,
        },
    },
});

use qdrant_client::qdrant::{
    QuantizationSearchParamsBuilder, QueryPointsBuilder, SearchParamsBuilder,
};
use qdrant_client::Qdrant;

let client = Qdrant::from_url("http://localhost:6334").build()?;

client
    .query(
        QueryPointsBuilder::new("{collection_name}")
            .query(vec![0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7])
            .limit(3)
            .params(
                SearchParamsBuilder::default()
                    .quantization(QuantizationSearchParamsBuilder::default().rescore(false)),
            ),
    )
    .await?;

import io.qdrant.client.QdrantClient;
import io.qdrant.client.QdrantGrpcClient;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.QuantizationSearchParams;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.QueryPoints;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.SearchParams;

import static io.qdrant.client.QueryFactory.nearest;

QdrantClient client =
    new QdrantClient(QdrantGrpcClient.newBuilder("localhost", 6334, false).build());

client.queryAsync(
        QueryPoints.newBuilder()
                .setCollectionName("{collection_name}")
                .setQuery(nearest(0.2f, 0.1f, 0.9f, 0.7f))
                .setParams(
                        SearchParams.newBuilder()
                                .setQuantization(
                                        QuantizationSearchParams.newBuilder().setRescore(false).build())
                                .build())
                .setLimit(3)
                .build())
        .get();

using Qdrant.Client;
using Qdrant.Client.Grpc;

var client = new QdrantClient("localhost", 6334);

await client.QueryAsync(
	collectionName: "{collection_name}",
	query: new float[] { 0.2f, 0.1f, 0.9f, 0.7f },
	searchParams: new SearchParams
	{
		Quantization = new QuantizationSearchParams { Rescore = false }
	},
	limit: 3
);

import (
	"context"

	"github.com/qdrant/go-client/qdrant"
)

client, err := qdrant.NewClient(&qdrant.Config{
	Host: "localhost",
	Port: 6334,
})

client.Query(context.Background(), &qdrant.QueryPoints{
	CollectionName: "{collection_name}",
	Query:          qdrant.NewQuery(0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7),
	Params: &qdrant.SearchParams{
		Quantization: &qdrant.QuantizationSearchParams{
			Rescore: qdrant.PtrOf(true),
		},
	},
})

2. 高精度与低内存使用

如果您需要高精度但RAM有限，可以将向量和HNSW索引都存储在磁盘上。这种设置减少了内存使用，同时保持了搜索精度。

要存储向量on_disk，你需要配置向量和HNSW索引：

PUT /collections/{collection_name}
{
    "vectors": {
      "size": 768,
      "distance": "Cosine",
      "on_disk": true
    },
    "hnsw_config": {
        "on_disk": true
    }
}

from qdrant_client import QdrantClient, models

client = QdrantClient(url="http://localhost:6333")

client.create_collection(
    collection_name="{collection_name}",
    vectors_config=models.VectorParams(size=768, distance=models.Distance.COSINE, on_disk=True),
    hnsw_config=models.HnswConfigDiff(on_disk=True),
)

import { QdrantClient } from "@qdrant/js-client-rest";

const client = new QdrantClient({ host: "localhost", port: 6333 });

client.createCollection("{collection_name}", {
  vectors: {
    size: 768,
    distance: "Cosine",
    on_disk: true,
  },
  hnsw_config: {
    on_disk: true,
  },
});

use qdrant_client::qdrant::{
    CreateCollectionBuilder, Distance, HnswConfigDiffBuilder, VectorParamsBuilder,
};
use qdrant_client::{Qdrant, QdrantError};

let client = Qdrant::from_url("http://localhost:6334").build()?;

client
    .create_collection(
        CreateCollectionBuilder::new("{collection_name}")
            .vectors_config(VectorParamsBuilder::new(768, Distance::Cosine).on_disk(true))
            .hnsw_config(HnswConfigDiffBuilder::default().on_disk(true)),
    )
    .await?;

import io.qdrant.client.QdrantClient;
import io.qdrant.client.QdrantGrpcClient;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.CreateCollection;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.Distance;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.HnswConfigDiff;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.OptimizersConfigDiff;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorParams;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorsConfig;

QdrantClient client =
    new QdrantClient(QdrantGrpcClient.newBuilder("localhost", 6334, false).build());

client
    .createCollectionAsync(
        CreateCollection.newBuilder()
            .setCollectionName("{collection_name}")
            .setVectorsConfig(
                VectorsConfig.newBuilder()
                    .setParams(
                        VectorParams.newBuilder()
                            .setSize(768)
                            .setDistance(Distance.Cosine)
                            .setOnDisk(true)
                            .build())
                    .build())
            .setHnswConfig(HnswConfigDiff.newBuilder().setOnDisk(true).build())
            .build())
    .get();

using Qdrant.Client;
using Qdrant.Client.Grpc;

var client = new QdrantClient("localhost", 6334);

await client.CreateCollectionAsync(
	collectionName: "{collection_name}",
	vectorsConfig: new VectorParams { Size = 768, Distance = Distance.Cosine, OnDisk = true},
	hnswConfig: new HnswConfigDiff { OnDisk = true }
);

import (
	"context"

	"github.com/qdrant/go-client/qdrant"
)

client, err := qdrant.NewClient(&qdrant.Config{
	Host: "localhost",
	Port: 6334,
})

client.CreateCollection(context.Background(), &qdrant.CreateCollection{
	CollectionName: "{collection_name}",
	VectorsConfig: qdrant.NewVectorsConfig(&qdrant.VectorParams{
		Size:     768,
		Distance: qdrant.Distance_Cosine,
		OnDisk:   qdrant.PtrOf(true),
	}),
	HnswConfig: &qdrant.HnswConfigDiff{
		OnDisk: qdrant.PtrOf(true),
	},
})

提高精度

增加HNSW索引的ef和m参数以提高精度，即使在内存有限的情况下：

...
"hnsw_config": {
    "m": 64,
    "ef_construct": 512,
    "on_disk": true
}
...

注意： 此设置的性能取决于磁盘的IOPS（每秒输入/输出操作数）。您可以使用 fio 来测量磁盘的IOPS。

3. 高精度与高速搜索

对于需要高速和高精度的场景，尽可能将数据保留在RAM中。应用量化并重新评分以调整精度。

以下是您如何为集合配置标量量化的方法：

PUT /collections/{collection_name}
{
    "vectors": {
      "size": 768,
      "distance": "Cosine"
    },
    "quantization_config": {
        "scalar": {
            "type": "int8",
            "always_ram": true
        }
    }
}

from qdrant_client import QdrantClient, models

client = QdrantClient(url="http://localhost:6333")

client.create_collection(
    collection_name="{collection_name}",
    vectors_config=models.VectorParams(size=768, distance=models.Distance.COSINE),
    quantization_config=models.ScalarQuantization(
        scalar=models.ScalarQuantizationConfig(
            type=models.ScalarType.INT8,
            always_ram=True,
        ),
    ),
)

import { QdrantClient } from "@qdrant/js-client-rest";

const client = new QdrantClient({ host: "localhost", port: 6333 });

client.createCollection("{collection_name}", {
  vectors: {
    size: 768,
    distance: "Cosine",
  },
  quantization_config: {
    scalar: {
      type: "int8",
      always_ram: true,
    },
  },
});

use qdrant_client::qdrant::{
    CreateCollectionBuilder, Distance, QuantizationType, ScalarQuantizationBuilder,
    VectorParamsBuilder,
};
use qdrant_client::Qdrant;

let client = Qdrant::from_url("http://localhost:6334").build()?;

client
    .create_collection(
        CreateCollectionBuilder::new("{collection_name}")
            .vectors_config(VectorParamsBuilder::new(768, Distance::Cosine))
            .quantization_config(
                ScalarQuantizationBuilder::default()
                    .r#type(QuantizationType::Int8.into())
                    .always_ram(true),
            ),
    )
    .await?;

import io.qdrant.client.QdrantClient;
import io.qdrant.client.QdrantGrpcClient;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.CreateCollection;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.Distance;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.OptimizersConfigDiff;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.QuantizationConfig;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.QuantizationType;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.ScalarQuantization;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorParams;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorsConfig;

QdrantClient client =
    new QdrantClient(QdrantGrpcClient.newBuilder("localhost", 6334, false).build());

client
    .createCollectionAsync(
        CreateCollection.newBuilder()
            .setCollectionName("{collection_name}")
            .setVectorsConfig(
                VectorsConfig.newBuilder()
                    .setParams(
                        VectorParams.newBuilder()
                            .setSize(768)
                            .setDistance(Distance.Cosine)
                            .build())
                    .build())
            .setQuantizationConfig(
                QuantizationConfig.newBuilder()
                    .setScalar(
                        ScalarQuantization.newBuilder()
                            .setType(QuantizationType.Int8)
                            .setAlwaysRam(true)
                            .build())
                    .build())
            .build())
    .get();

using Qdrant.Client;
using Qdrant.Client.Grpc;

var client = new QdrantClient("localhost", 6334);

await client.CreateCollectionAsync(
	collectionName: "{collection_name}",
	vectorsConfig: new VectorParams { Size = 768, Distance = Distance.Cosine},
	quantizationConfig: new QuantizationConfig
	{
		Scalar = new ScalarQuantization { Type = QuantizationType.Int8, AlwaysRam = true }
	}
);

import (
	"context"

	"github.com/qdrant/go-client/qdrant"
)

client, err := qdrant.NewClient(&qdrant.Config{
	Host: "localhost",
	Port: 6334,
})

client.CreateCollection(context.Background(), &qdrant.CreateCollection{
	CollectionName: "{collection_name}",
	VectorsConfig: qdrant.NewVectorsConfig(&qdrant.VectorParams{
		Size:     768,
		Distance: qdrant.Distance_Cosine,
	}),
	QuantizationConfig: qdrant.NewQuantizationScalar(&qdrant.ScalarQuantization{
		Type:      qdrant.QuantizationType_Int8,
		AlwaysRam: qdrant.PtrOf(true),
	}),
})

微调搜索参数

您可以调整搜索参数如 hnsw_ef 和 exact 来平衡速度和精度：

关键参数:

hnsw_ef: 搜索期间访问的邻居数量（值越大 = 精度越高，速度越慢）。
exact: 设置为true进行精确搜索，速度较慢但更准确。您可以使用它来比较不同hnsw_ef值的搜索结果与真实值的差异。

POST /collections/{collection_name}/points/query
{
    "query": [0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7],
    "params": {
        "hnsw_ef": 128,
        "exact": false
    },
    "limit": 3
}

from qdrant_client import QdrantClient, models

client = QdrantClient(url="http://localhost:6333")

client.query_points(
    collection_name="{collection_name}",
    query=[0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7],
    search_params=models.SearchParams(hnsw_ef=128, exact=False),
    limit=3,
)

import { QdrantClient } from "@qdrant/js-client-rest";

const client = new QdrantClient({ host: "localhost", port: 6333 });

client.query("{collection_name}", {
    query: [0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7],
    params: {
        hnsw_ef: 128,
        exact: false,
    },
    limit: 3,
});

use qdrant_client::qdrant::{QueryPointsBuilder, SearchParamsBuilder};
use qdrant_client::Qdrant;

let client = Qdrant::from_url("http://localhost:6334").build()?;

client
    .query(
        QueryPointsBuilder::new("{collection_name}")
            .query(vec![0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7])
            .limit(3)
            .params(SearchParamsBuilder::default().hnsw_ef(128).exact(false)),
    )
    .await?;

import io.qdrant.client.QdrantClient;
import io.qdrant.client.QdrantGrpcClient;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.QueryPoints;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.SearchParams;

import static io.qdrant.client.QueryFactory.nearest;

QdrantClient client =
    new QdrantClient(QdrantGrpcClient.newBuilder("localhost", 6334, false).build());

client.queryAsync(
        QueryPoints.newBuilder()
                .setCollectionName("{collection_name}")
                .setQuery(nearest(0.2f, 0.1f, 0.9f, 0.7f))
                .setParams(SearchParams.newBuilder().setHnswEf(128).setExact(false).build())
                .setLimit(3)
                .build())
        .get();

using Qdrant.Client;
using Qdrant.Client.Grpc;

var client = new QdrantClient("localhost", 6334);

await client.QueryAsync(
	collectionName: "{collection_name}",
	query: new float[] { 0.2f, 0.1f, 0.9f, 0.7f },
	searchParams: new SearchParams { HnswEf = 128, Exact = false },
	limit: 3
);

import (
	"context"

	"github.com/qdrant/go-client/qdrant"
)

client, err := qdrant.NewClient(&qdrant.Config{
	Host: "localhost",
	Port: 6334,
})

client.Query(context.Background(), &qdrant.QueryPoints{
	CollectionName: "{collection_name}",
	Query:          qdrant.NewQuery(0.2, 0.1, 0.9, 0.7),
	Params: &qdrant.SearchParams{
		HnswEf: qdrant.PtrOf(uint64(128)),
		Exact:  qdrant.PtrOf(false),
	},
})

平衡延迟和吞吐量

在优化搜索性能时，延迟和吞吐量是两个主要需要考虑的指标：

延迟： 单个请求所需的时间。
吞吐量： 每秒处理的请求数量。

以下优化方法并非相互排斥，但在某些情况下，可能更倾向于优化其中一种或另一种。

最小化延迟

为了最小化延迟，您可以设置Qdrant以尽可能多地使用核心来处理单个请求。您可以通过将集合中的段数设置为系统中的核心数来实现这一点。

在这种情况下，每个段将并行处理，最终结果将更快获得。

PUT /collections/{collection_name}
{
    "vectors": {
      "size": 768,
      "distance": "Cosine"
    },
    "optimizers_config": {
        "default_segment_number": 16
    }
}

from qdrant_client import QdrantClient, models

client = QdrantClient(url="http://localhost:6333")

client.create_collection(
    collection_name="{collection_name}",
    vectors_config=models.VectorParams(size=768, distance=models.Distance.COSINE),
    optimizers_config=models.OptimizersConfigDiff(default_segment_number=16),
)

import { QdrantClient } from "@qdrant/js-client-rest";

const client = new QdrantClient({ host: "localhost", port: 6333 });

client.createCollection("{collection_name}", {
  vectors: {
    size: 768,
    distance: "Cosine",
  },
  optimizers_config: {
    default_segment_number: 16,
  },
});

use qdrant_client::qdrant::{
    CreateCollectionBuilder, Distance, OptimizersConfigDiffBuilder, VectorParamsBuilder,
};
use qdrant_client::Qdrant;

let client = Qdrant::from_url("http://localhost:6334").build()?;

client
    .create_collection(
        CreateCollectionBuilder::new("{collection_name}")
            .vectors_config(VectorParamsBuilder::new(768, Distance::Cosine))
            .optimizers_config(
                OptimizersConfigDiffBuilder::default().default_segment_number(16),
            ),
    )
    .await?;

import io.qdrant.client.QdrantClient;
import io.qdrant.client.QdrantGrpcClient;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.CreateCollection;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.Distance;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.OptimizersConfigDiff;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorParams;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorsConfig;

QdrantClient client =
    new QdrantClient(QdrantGrpcClient.newBuilder("localhost", 6334, false).build());

client
    .createCollectionAsync(
        CreateCollection.newBuilder()
            .setCollectionName("{collection_name}")
            .setVectorsConfig(
                VectorsConfig.newBuilder()
                    .setParams(
                        VectorParams.newBuilder()
                            .setSize(768)
                            .setDistance(Distance.Cosine)
                            .build())
                    .build())
            .setOptimizersConfig(
                OptimizersConfigDiff.newBuilder().setDefaultSegmentNumber(16).build())
            .build())
    .get();

using Qdrant.Client;
using Qdrant.Client.Grpc;

var client = new QdrantClient("localhost", 6334);

await client.CreateCollectionAsync(
	collectionName: "{collection_name}",
	vectorsConfig: new VectorParams { Size = 768, Distance = Distance.Cosine },
	optimizersConfig: new OptimizersConfigDiff { DefaultSegmentNumber = 16 }
);

import (
	"context"

	"github.com/qdrant/go-client/qdrant"
)

client, err := qdrant.NewClient(&qdrant.Config{
	Host: "localhost",
	Port: 6334,
})

client.CreateCollection(context.Background(), &qdrant.CreateCollection{
	CollectionName: "{collection_name}",
	VectorsConfig: qdrant.NewVectorsConfig(&qdrant.VectorParams{
		Size:     768,
		Distance: qdrant.Distance_Cosine,
	}),
	OptimizersConfig: &qdrant.OptimizersConfigDiff{
		DefaultSegmentNumber: qdrant.PtrOf(uint64(16)),
	},
})

最大化吞吐量

为了最大化吞吐量，配置Qdrant以使用尽可能多的核心来并行处理多个请求。

要做到这一点，使用更少的分段（通常为2）以并行处理更多的请求。

大段受益于索引的大小和找到最近邻居所需的总体较少的向量比较。然而，它们将需要更多时间来构建HNSW索引。

PUT /collections/{collection_name}
{
    "vectors": {
      "size": 768,
      "distance": "Cosine"
    },
    "optimizers_config": {
        "default_segment_number": 2
    }
}

from qdrant_client import QdrantClient, models

client = QdrantClient(url="http://localhost:6333")

client.create_collection(
    collection_name="{collection_name}",
    vectors_config=models.VectorParams(size=768, distance=models.Distance.COSINE),
    optimizers_config=models.OptimizersConfigDiff(default_segment_number=2),
)

import { QdrantClient } from "@qdrant/js-client-rest";

const client = new QdrantClient({ host: "localhost", port: 6333 });

client.createCollection("{collection_name}", {
  vectors: {
    size: 768,
    distance: "Cosine",
  },
  optimizers_config: {
    default_segment_number: 2,
  },
});

use qdrant_client::qdrant::{
    CreateCollectionBuilder, Distance, OptimizersConfigDiffBuilder, VectorParamsBuilder,
};
use qdrant_client::Qdrant;

let client = Qdrant::from_url("http://localhost:6334").build()?;

client
    .create_collection(
        CreateCollectionBuilder::new("{collection_name}")
            .vectors_config(VectorParamsBuilder::new(768, Distance::Cosine))
            .optimizers_config(
                OptimizersConfigDiffBuilder::default().default_segment_number(2),
            ),
    )
    .await?;

import io.qdrant.client.QdrantClient;
import io.qdrant.client.QdrantGrpcClient;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.CreateCollection;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.Distance;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.OptimizersConfigDiff;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorParams;
import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Collections.VectorsConfig;

QdrantClient client =
    new QdrantClient(QdrantGrpcClient.newBuilder("localhost", 6334, false).build());

client
    .createCollectionAsync(
        CreateCollection.newBuilder()
            .setCollectionName("{collection_name}")
            .setVectorsConfig(
                VectorsConfig.newBuilder()
                    .setParams(
                        VectorParams.newBuilder()
                            .setSize(768)
                            .setDistance(Distance.Cosine)
                            .build())
                    .build())
            .setOptimizersConfig(
                OptimizersConfigDiff.newBuilder().setDefaultSegmentNumber(2).build())
            .build())
    .get();

using Qdrant.Client;
using Qdrant.Client.Grpc;

var client = new QdrantClient("localhost", 6334);

await client.CreateCollectionAsync(
	collectionName: "{collection_name}",
	vectorsConfig: new VectorParams { Size = 768, Distance = Distance.Cosine },
	optimizersConfig: new OptimizersConfigDiff { DefaultSegmentNumber = 2 }
);

import (
	"context"

	"github.com/qdrant/go-client/qdrant"
)

client, err := qdrant.NewClient(&qdrant.Config{
	Host: "localhost",
	Port: 6334,
})

client.CreateCollection(context.Background(), &qdrant.CreateCollection{
	CollectionName: "{collection_name}",
	VectorsConfig: qdrant.NewVectorsConfig(&qdrant.VectorParams{
		Size:     768,
		Distance: qdrant.Distance_Cosine,
	}),
	OptimizersConfig: &qdrant.OptimizersConfigDiff{
		DefaultSegmentNumber: qdrant.PtrOf(uint64(2)),
	},
})

摘要

通过调整向量存储、量化和搜索参数等配置，您可以为不同的使用场景优化Qdrant：

低内存 + 高速： 使用向量量化。
高精度 + 低内存： 在磁盘上存储向量和HNSW索引。
高精度 + 高速： 将数据保存在RAM中，使用量化并重新评分。
延迟与吞吐量： 根据优先级调整段数。

选择最适合您使用场景的策略，以充分利用Qdrant的性能能力。