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使用 LlamaSheets 与自定义智能体和工作流

您可以将LlamaSheets与任何智能体框架集成。这里,我们将通过一个使用LlamaIndex框架中智能体的端到端示例进行说明。

你可以了解更多关于LlamaIndex智能体的信息在文档中。

本教程的完整代码可在 LlamaSheets 的示例文件夹 中找到。

按照以下步骤设置您的项目,以便与LlamaSheets和Claude配合使用。

Terminal window
mkdir coding-agent-analysis
cd coding-agent-analysis
# Create directories
mkdir data # For extracted parquet files
mkdir scripts # For analysis scripts
mkdir reports # For output reports

创建一个 requirements.txt

llama-cloud-services>=0.6.81 # LlamaSheets SDK
pandas>=2.0.0
pyarrow>=12.0.0
openpyxl>=3.0.0 # For Excel file support
matplotlib>=3.7.0 # For visualizations (optional)

安装依赖项:

Terminal window
python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate # On Windows: venv\Scripts\activate
pip install -r requirements.txt

创建一个 .env 文件:

Terminal window
LLAMA_CLOUD_API_KEY=your_api_key_here
OPENAI_API_KEY=your_api_key_here

为了帮助在多个文件上重复运行提取操作,下面的脚本将协助我们自动化处理更大型的任务。

创建 scripts/extract.py
"""Helper script to extract spreadsheets using LlamaSheets."""
import asyncio
import json
import os
import dotenv
from pathlib import Path
from llama_cloud_services.beta.sheets import LlamaSheets
from llama_cloud_services.beta.sheets.types import (
SpreadsheetParsingConfig,
SpreadsheetResultType,
)
dotenv.load_dotenv()
async def extract_spreadsheet(
file_path: str, output_dir: str = "data", generate_metadata: bool = True
) -> dict:
"""Extract a spreadsheet using LlamaSheets."""
client = LlamaSheets(
base_url="https://api.cloud.llamaindex.ai",
api_key=os.getenv("LLAMA_CLOUD_API_KEY"),
)
print(f"Extracting {file_path}...")
# Extract regions
config = SpreadsheetParsingConfig(
sheet_names=None, # Extract all sheets
generate_additional_metadata=generate_metadata,
)
job_result = await client.aextract_regions(file_path, config=config)
print(f"Extracted {len(job_result.regions)} region(s)")
# Create output directory
output_path = Path(output_dir)
output_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
# Get base name for files
base_name = Path(file_path).stem
# Save job metadata
job_metadata_path = output_path / f"{base_name}_job_metadata.json"
with open(job_metadata_path, "w") as f:
json.dump(job_result.model_dump(mode="json"), f, indent=2)
print(f"Saved job metadata to {job_metadata_path}")
# Download each region
for idx, region in enumerate(job_result.regions, 1):
sheet_name = region.sheet_name.replace(" ", "_")
# Download region data
region_bytes = await client.adownload_region_result(
job_id=job_result.id,
region_id=region.region_id,
result_type=region.region_type,
)
region_path = output_path / f"{base_name}_region_{idx}_{sheet_name}.parquet"
with open(region_path, "wb") as f:
f.write(region_bytes)
print(f" Table {idx}: {region_path}")
# Download metadata
metadata_bytes = await client.adownload_region_result(
job_id=job_result.id,
region_id=region.region_id,
result_type=SpreadsheetResultType.CELL_METADATA,
)
metadata_path = output_path / f"{base_name}_metadata_{idx}_{sheet_name}.parquet"
with open(metadata_path, "wb") as f:
f.write(metadata_bytes)
print(f" Metadata {idx}: {metadata_path}")
print(f"\nAll files saved to {output_path}/")
return job_result.model_dump(mode="json")
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print("Usage: python scripts/extract.py <spreadsheet_file>")
sys.exit(1)
file_path = sys.argv[1]
if not Path(file_path).exists():
print(f"❌ File not found: {file_path}")
sys.exit(1)
result = asyncio.run(extract_spreadsheet(file_path))
print(f"\n✅ Extraction complete! Job ID: {result['id']}")

步骤5:生成样本数据(可选)

Section titled “Step 5: Generate Sample Data (Optional)”

要跟随以下工作流程操作,您可以使用提供的生成器脚本来创建示例电子表格。

下载并保存为 generate_sample_data.py

Terminal window
# Get the script from GitHub examples or create it from the documentation
curl -o generate_sample_data.py https://raw.githubusercontent.com/run-llama/llama-cloud-services/main/examples/sheets/coding-agent-analysis/generate_sample_data.py
或在此处复制完整脚本(点击展开)
"""
Generate sample spreadsheets for LlamaSheets + Claude workflows.
This script creates example Excel files that demonstrate different use cases:
1. Simple data table (for Workflow 1)
2. Regional sales data (for Workflow 2)
3. Complex budget with formatting (for Workflow 3)
4. Weekly sales report (for Workflow 4)
Usage:
python generate_sample_data.py
"""
import random
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from pathlib import Path
import pandas as pd
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font, PatternFill, Alignment, Border, Side
def generate_workflow_1_data(output_dir: Path):
"""Generate simple financial report for Workflow 1."""
print("📊 Generating Workflow 1: financial_report_q1.xlsx")
# Create sample quarterly data
months = ["January", "February", "March"]
categories = ["Revenue", "Cost of Goods Sold", "Operating Expenses", "Net Income"]
data = []
for category in categories:
row = {"Category": category}
for month in months:
if category == "Revenue":
value = random.randint(80000, 120000)
elif category == "Cost of Goods Sold":
value = random.randint(30000, 50000)
elif category == "Operating Expenses":
value = random.randint(20000, 35000)
else: # Net Income
value = row.get("January", 0) + row.get("February", 0) + row.get("March", 0)
value = random.randint(15000, 40000)
row[month] = value
data.append(row)
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
# Write to Excel
output_file = output_dir / "financial_report_q1.xlsx"
with pd.ExcelWriter(output_file, engine="openpyxl") as writer:
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name="Q1 Summary", index=False)
# Format it nicely
worksheet = writer.sheets["Q1 Summary"]
for cell in worksheet[1]: # Header row
cell.font = Font(bold=True)
cell.fill = PatternFill(start_color="4F81BD", end_color="4F81BD", fill_type="solid")
cell.font = Font(color="FFFFFF", bold=True)
print(f" ✅ Created {output_file}")
def generate_workflow_2_data(output_dir: Path):
"""Generate regional sales data for Workflow 2."""
print("\n📊 Generating Workflow 2: Regional sales data")
regions = ["northeast", "southeast", "west"]
products = ["Widget A", "Widget B", "Widget C", "Gadget X", "Gadget Y"]
for region in regions:
data = []
start_date = datetime(2024, 1, 1)
# Generate 90 days of sales data
for day in range(90):
date = start_date + timedelta(days=day)
# Random number of sales per day (3-8)
for _ in range(random.randint(3, 8)):
product = random.choice(products)
units_sold = random.randint(1, 20)
price_per_unit = random.randint(50, 200)
revenue = units_sold * price_per_unit
data.append({
"Date": date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d"),
"Product": product,
"Units_Sold": units_sold,
"Revenue": revenue
})
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
# Write to Excel
output_file = output_dir / f"sales_{region}.xlsx"
df.to_excel(output_file, sheet_name="Sales", index=False)
print(f" ✅ Created {output_file} ({len(df)} rows)")
def generate_workflow_3_data(output_dir: Path):
"""Generate complex budget spreadsheet with formatting for Workflow 3."""
print("\n📊 Generating Workflow 3: company_budget_2024.xlsx")
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws.title = "Budget"
# Define departments with colors
departments = {
"Engineering": "C6E0B4",
"Marketing": "FFD966",
"Sales": "F4B084",
"Operations": "B4C7E7"
}
# Define categories
categories = {
"Personnel": ["Salaries", "Benefits", "Training"],
"Infrastructure": ["Office Rent", "Equipment", "Software Licenses"],
"Operations": ["Travel", "Supplies", "Miscellaneous"]
}
# Styles
header_font = Font(bold=True, size=12)
category_font = Font(bold=True, size=11)
dept_fonts = {dept: Font(size=10) for dept in departments}
row = 1
# Title
ws.merge_cells(f"A{row}:E{row}")
ws[f"A{row}"] = "2024 Annual Budget"
ws[f"A{row}"].font = Font(bold=True, size=14)
ws[f"A{row}"].alignment = Alignment(horizontal="center")
row += 2
# Headers
ws[f"A{row}"] = "Category"
ws[f"B{row}"] = "Item"
for i, dept in enumerate(departments.keys()):
ws.cell(row, 3 + i, dept)
ws.cell(row, 3 + i).font = header_font
for cell in ws[row]:
cell.font = header_font
row += 1
# Data
for category, items in categories.items():
# Category header (bold)
ws[f"A{row}"] = category
ws[f"A{row}"].font = category_font
row += 1
# Items with department budgets
for item in items:
ws[f"A{row}"] = ""
ws[f"B{row}"] = item
# Add budget amounts for each department (with color)
for i, (dept, color) in enumerate(departments.items()):
amount = random.randint(5000, 50000)
cell = ws.cell(row, 3 + i, amount)
cell.fill = PatternFill(start_color=color, end_color=color, fill_type="solid")
cell.number_format = "$#,##0"
row += 1
row += 1 # Blank row between categories
# Adjust column widths
ws.column_dimensions["A"].width = 20
ws.column_dimensions["B"].width = 25
for i in range(len(departments)):
ws.column_dimensions[chr(67 + i)].width = 15 # C, D, E, F
output_file = output_dir / "company_budget_2024.xlsx"
wb.save(output_file)
print(f" ✅ Created {output_file}")
print(f" • Bold categories, colored departments, merged title cell")
def generate_workflow_4_data(output_dir: Path):
"""Generate weekly sales report for Workflow 4."""
print("\n📊 Generating Workflow 4: sales_weekly.xlsx")
products = [
"Product A", "Product B", "Product C", "Product D", "Product E",
"Product F", "Product G", "Product H"
]
# Generate one week of data
data = []
start_date = datetime(2024, 11, 4) # Monday
for day in range(7):
date = start_date + timedelta(days=day)
# Each product has 3-10 transactions per day
for product in products:
for _ in range(random.randint(3, 10)):
units = random.randint(1, 15)
price = random.randint(20, 150)
revenue = units * price
data.append({
"Date": date.strftime("%Y-%m-%d"),
"Product": product,
"Units": units,
"Revenue": revenue
})
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
# Write to Excel with some formatting
output_file = output_dir / "sales_weekly.xlsx"
with pd.ExcelWriter(output_file, engine="openpyxl") as writer:
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name="Weekly Sales", index=False)
# Format header
worksheet = writer.sheets["Weekly Sales"]
for cell in worksheet[1]:
cell.font = Font(bold=True)
print(f" ✅ Created {output_file} ({len(df)} rows)")
def main():
"""Generate all sample data files."""
print("=" * 60)
print("Generating Sample Data for LlamaSheets + Coding Agent Workflows")
print("=" * 60)
# Create output directory
output_dir = Path("input_data")
output_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
# Generate data for each workflow
generate_workflow_1_data(output_dir)
generate_workflow_2_data(output_dir)
generate_workflow_3_data(output_dir)
generate_workflow_4_data(output_dir)
print("\n" + "=" * 60)
print("✅ All sample data generated!")
print("=" * 60)
print(f"\nFiles created in {output_dir.absolute()}:")
print("\nWorkflow 1 (Understanding a New Spreadsheet):")
print(" • financial_report_q1.xlsx")
print("\nWorkflow 2 (Generating Analysis Scripts):")
print(" • sales_northeast.xlsx")
print(" • sales_southeast.xlsx")
print(" • sales_west.xlsx")
print("\nWorkflow 3 (Using Cell Metadata):")
print(" • company_budget_2024.xlsx")
print("\nWorkflow 4 (Complete Automation):")
print(" • sales_weekly.xlsx")
print("\nYou can now use these files with the workflows in the documentation!")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()

生成所有示例文件:

Terminal window
python generate_sample_data.py

这将在 input_data/ 中创建:

  • financial_report_q1.xlsxfinancial_report_q1.xlsx - 简单财务数据(工作流1)
  • sales_northeast.xlsx, sales_southeast.xlsx, sales_west.xlsx - 区域销售额(工作流2)
  • company_budget_2024.xlsx - 带格式的预算(工作流3)
  • sales_weekly.xlsx - 周报数据(工作流4)

步骤6:提取您的第一个电子表格

Section titled “Step 6: Extract Your First Spreadsheet”
Terminal window
# Extract sample data or your own spreadsheet
python scripts/extract.py input_data/financial_report_q1.xlsx
# Or use your own:
# python scripts/extract.py your_spreadsheet.xlsx

这将在 data/ 中创建文件:

  • financial_report_q1_region_1_Q1_Summary.parquet
  • financial_report_q1_metadata_1_Q1_Summary.parquet
  • financial_report_q1_job_metadata.json

既然我们能够从电子表格中提取区域和表格,就可以创建一个智能体来自动化处理这些数据的任务。

最直接的方法是创建一个包含两个主要部分的智能体:

  1. 一个包含其可访问数据及该数据格式详细信息的提示
  2. 一个允许针对该数据执行代码的工具

注意:代码执行在生产应用中应始终处于沙箱环境中。

使用LlamaIndex,创建这类智能体相当简单。

为了让智能体获得足够的信息来行动,我们可以构建一个包含其可访问数据的提示。

给定一个提取数据的目录,我们可以将信息解析为系统提示。

用于生成上下文的辅助函数:
import json
from pathlib import Path
# Helper function for initial agent context
def list_extracted_data(data_dir: str = "data") -> str:
"""
List all regions and metadata files extracted by LlamaSheets.
This helps discover what data is available to work with.
Args:
data_dir: Directory containing extracted parquet files (default: "data")
Returns:
JSON string with information about available files
"""
data_path = Path(data_dir)
if not data_path.exists():
return json.dumps({"error": f"Data directory '{data_dir}' not found"})
# Find all parquet and metadata files
region_files = list(data_path.glob("*_region_*.parquet"))
job_metadata_files = list(data_path.glob("*_job_metadata.json"))
regions = []
for region_file in region_files:
# Quick peek at dimensions
df = pd.read_parquet(region_file)
# Find corresponding metadata file
base_name = region_file.stem.replace("_region_", "_metadata_")
metadata_path = region_file.parent / f"{base_name}.parquet"
regions.append(
{
"region_file": str(region_file),
"metadata_file": str(metadata_path) if metadata_path.exists() else None,
"shape": {"rows": len(df), "columns": len(df.columns)},
"columns": list(df.columns),
}
)
result = {
"data_directory": str(data_path.absolute()),
"num_regions": len(regions),
"regions": regions,
"job_metadata_files": [str(f) for f in job_metadata_files],
}
return json.dumps(result, indent=2)
# Generate a system prompt
available_regions = list_extracted_data()
system_prompt = f"""You are an AI assistant that helps analyze spreadsheet data extracted by LlamaSheets.
LlamaSheets extracts messy spreadsheets into clean parquet files with two types of outputs:
1. Region files (*_region_*.parquet) - The actual data with columns and rows
2. Metadata files (*_metadata_*.parquet) - Rich cell-level metadata including:
- Formatting: font_bold, font_italic, font_size, background_color_rgb
- Position: row_number, column_number, coordinate
- Type detection: data_type, is_date_like, is_percentage, is_currency
- Layout: is_in_first_row, is_merged_cell, horizontal_alignment
You have access to tools that allow you to execute Python pandas code against these files.
Use these tools to load the parquet files, analyze the data, and return results.
Key tips:
- Bold cells in metadata often indicate headers
- Background colors often indicate groupings or departments
- Load both region and metadata files for complete analysis
- Write clear pandas code - you have full pandas functionality available
- Store results in variables for reuse across multiple code executions
Existing Processed Regions:
{available_regions}
"""

为了达到最佳效果,我们可以为我们的智能体提供一个执行代码的工具。

在LlamaIndex中,工具只是Python函数。

以下是我们将提供给智能体的Python函数:
import io
import json
import sys
from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
import pandas as pd
# Global context for loaded dataframes
_code_context: Dict[str, Any] = {}
def execute_code(code: str) -> str:
"""
Execute Python pandas code against LlamaSheets extracted data.
This tool allows flexible data analysis by executing arbitrary pandas code.
You can load parquet files, manipulate dataframes, and return results.
The code executes in a context where:
- pandas is available as 'pd'
- json is available for formatting output
Args:
code: Python code to execute. Any print() statements or stdout/stderr
will be captured and returned. Optionally set a 'result' variable
for structured output.
Returns:
String containing:
- Any stdout/stderr output from the code execution
- The 'result' variable if it was set (formatted appropriately)
- Error message if execution failed
Example usage:
code = '''
# Load and inspect data
df = pd.read_parquet("data/sales_region_1.parquet")
print(f"Loaded {len(df)} rows")
result = {
"shape": df.shape,
"columns": list(df.columns),
"sample": df.head(3).to_dict(orient="records")
}
'''
"""
global _code_context
# Capture stdout and stderr
stdout_capture = io.StringIO()
stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
old_stdout = sys.stdout
old_stderr = sys.stderr
try:
# Redirect stdout/stderr
sys.stdout = stdout_capture
sys.stderr = stderr_capture
# Create execution context with pandas, json, and previously loaded dfs
exec_context = {
"pd": pd,
"json": json,
"Path": Path,
**_code_context, # Include previously loaded dataframes
}
# Execute the code
exec(code, exec_context)
# Update global context with any new variables (excluding built-ins and modules)
for key, value in exec_context.items():
if not key.startswith("_") and key not in ["pd", "json", "Path"]:
_code_context[key] = value
# Restore stdout/stderr
sys.stdout = old_stdout
sys.stderr = old_stderr
# Collect output
stdout_output = stdout_capture.getvalue()
stderr_output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
output_parts = []
# Add stdout if any
if stdout_output:
output_parts.append(f"<stdout>{stdout_output}</stdout>")
# Add stderr if any
if stderr_output:
output_parts.append(f"<stderr>{stderr_output}</stderr>")
# Try to get a result (if code set a 'result' variable)
if "result" in exec_context:
result = exec_context["result"]
result_str = None
if isinstance(result, pd.DataFrame):
# Convert DataFrame to readable format
result_str = result.to_string()
elif isinstance(result, (dict, list)):
result_str = json.dumps(result, indent=2, default=str)
else:
result_str = str(result)
if result_str:
output_parts.append(f"<result_var>{result_str}</result_var>")
# Return combined output or success message
if output_parts:
return "\n\n".join(output_parts)
else:
return "Code executed successfully (no output or result)"
except Exception as e:
# Restore stdout/stderr in case of error
sys.stdout = old_stdout
sys.stderr = old_stderr
# Get any partial output
stdout_output = stdout_capture.getvalue()
stderr_output = stderr_capture.getvalue()
error_parts = []
if stdout_output:
error_parts.append(f"=== STDOUT (before error) ===\n{stdout_output}")
if stderr_output:
error_parts.append(f"=== STDERR (before error) ===\n{stderr_output}")
error_parts.append(f"=== ERROR ===\n{str(e)}")
error_parts.append(f"\n=== CODE ===\n{code}")
return "\n\n".join(error_parts)

使用我们的系统提示和工具函数,我们最终可以组装出最终的智能体。

以下是在LlamaIndex中构建智能体的代码
from llama_index.core.agent import FunctionAgent
from llama_index.llms.openai import OpenAI
# Setup the LLM to use
llm = OpenAI(model="gpt-4.1", api_key=api_key)
# Create tools - just one simple code execution tool for now
tools = [execute_code]
# Configure agent
agent = FunctionAgent(tools=tools, llm=llm, system_prompt=system_prompt)

在我们的智能体组装完成后,我们可以对其运行查询。

在使用LlamaIndex时,智能体会流式传输事件。以下代码拦截这些事件,以打印关于智能体正在执行操作的更详细上下文。

您可以在文档中了解更多关于LlamaIndex智能体的信息。

import io
import json
import sys
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
import dotenv
import pandas as pd
from llama_index.core.agent import FunctionAgent, ToolCall, ToolCallResult, AgentStream
from llama_index.llms.openai import OpenAI
from workflows import Context
dotenv.load_dotenv()
...
async def main():
"""Example of using the LlamaSheets agent."""
# Create the agent
agent = create_llamasheets_agent()
ctx = Context(agent)
# Example queries the agent can handle:
queries = [
# Discovery
"What spreadsheet data is available?",
# Simple analysis
"Load the sales data and show me the first few rows with column info",
# Using metadata
"Find all bold cells in the metadata - these are likely headers",
]
# Example: Run a query
for query in queries:
print(f"\n=== Query: {query} ===")
handler = agent.run(query, ctx=ctx)
async for ev in handler.stream_events():
if isinstance(ev, ToolCall):
tool_kwargs_str = (
str(ev.tool_kwargs)[:500] + " ..."
if len(str(ev.tool_kwargs)) > 500
else str(ev.tool_kwargs)
)
print(f"\n[Tool Call] {ev.tool_name} with args:\n{tool_kwargs_str}\n\n")
elif isinstance(ev, ToolCallResult):
result_str = (
str(ev.tool_output)[:500] + " ..."
if len(str(ev.tool_output)) > 500
else str(ev.tool_output)
)
print(f"\n[Tool Result] {ev.tool_name}:\n{result_str}\n\n")
elif isinstance(ev, AgentStream):
print(ev.delta, end="", flush=True)
_ = await handler
print("=== End Query ===\n")
if __name__ == "__main__":
import asyncio
asyncio.run(main())

你可以在LlamaSheets的示例文件夹中阅读完整代码。